Microservices Roadmap
44 sections • 561 topics
- 1. Understanding Microservices Principles
- 2. Comparing Monolithic vs Microservices Architecture
- 3. Understanding Service Boundaries
- 4. Understanding Microservices Benefits
- 5. Understanding Microservices Challenges
- 6. Understanding Service Independence
- 7. Understanding CAP Theorem
- 8. Applying Conway's Law
- 9. Understanding Bounded Contexts
- Example: "Customer" in different contexts
- 10. Understanding Service Granularity
- 11. Understanding Microservices vs SOA
- 12. Understanding Eventual Consistency Model
- 1. Applying Domain-Driven Design
- 2. Defining Bounded Contexts
- 3. Identifying Service Domains
- 4. Decomposing by Business Capability
- 5. Decomposing by Subdomain
- 6. Applying Single Responsibility Principle
- 7. Determining Service Granularity
- 8. Avoiding Distributed Monoliths
- 9. Using Database per Service Pattern
- 10. Managing Service Dependencies
- 11. Defining Aggregates and Entities
- Example: Order aggregate (Java 21)
- 12. Using Context Mapping Patterns
- 1. Installing Docker and Container Tools
- 2. Setting Up Local Service Registry
- 3. Configuring Service Mesh Locally
- 4. Setting Up Message Broker
- 5. Configuring API Gateway Locally
- 6. Using Docker Compose
- Example: docker-compose.yml for an order stack
- 7. Setting Up Local Kubernetes
- 8. Configuring Service Templates
- 9. Setting Up Database Containers
- 10. Implementing Hot Reload
- 11. Using Development Tools
- 12. Configuring Local Tracing
- 1. Designing Resource-Based URLs
- 2. Using HTTP Methods Correctly
- 3. Implementing HTTP Status Codes
- 4. Designing Idempotent Operations
- Example: Idempotency-Key (Spring Boot 3)
- 5. Implementing Content Negotiation
- 6. Using HATEOAS Principles
- Example: HAL response
- 7. Implementing Pagination
- 8. Implementing Filtering and Sorting
- 9. Handling Partial Responses
- 10. Using ETags for Caching
- 11. Implementing Bulk Operations
- 12. Implementing Request/Response Compression
- 1. Defining GraphQL Schemas
- Example: SDL
- 2. Implementing Queries
- 3. Implementing Mutations
- Example: Mutation with payload
- 4. Using Subscriptions
- 5. Implementing Resolvers
- Example: Resolver (Apollo Server 4)
- 6. Handling N+1 Query Problems
- Example: DataLoader
- 7. Using Fragments
- Example: Fragment
- 8. Implementing Pagination
- 9. Implementing Authentication
- 10. Handling Errors
- 11. Implementing Federation
- Example: Federated entity
- 12. Optimizing Query Performance
- 1. Defining Protocol Buffers
- Example: order.proto
- 2. Generating Service Stubs
- 3. Implementing Unary RPCs
- Example: Unary server (Java)
- 4. Implementing Server Streaming
- 5. Implementing Client Streaming
- 6. Implementing Bidirectional Streaming
- 7. Using gRPC Metadata
- 8. Handling gRPC Errors
- 9. Implementing Deadlines and Timeouts
- 10. Using gRPC Interceptors
- 11. Implementing Load Balancing
- 12. Managing Protocol Buffer Versioning
- 1. Using Synchronous Communication
- 2. Using Asynchronous Communication
- 3. Implementing Request/Reply Pattern
- 4. Implementing Fire-and-Forget Pattern
- 5. Handling Service Timeouts
- 6. Implementing Retry Mechanisms
- Example: Resilience4j retry (Java)
- 7. Managing Connection Pooling
- 8. Using Service Mesh
- 9. Handling Partial Failures
- 10. Implementing Bulkheads
- 11. Understanding Communication Trade-offs
- Synchronous
- Asynchronous
- 12. Implementing Correlation ID Propagation
- 1. Implementing Publish-Subscribe Pattern
- 2. Implementing Point-to-Point Pattern
- 3. Using Message Headers
- 4. Implementing Message Routing
- 5. Handling Message Acknowledgment
- 6. Implementing Dead Letter Queues
- 7. Using Message TTL
- 8. Implementing Message Ordering
- 9. Handling Poison Messages
- 10. Using Message Priority
- 11. Implementing Message Deduplication
- 12. Working with RabbitMQ, Kafka, AWS SQS/SNS
- 1. Designing Domain Events
- Example: CloudEvents-style domain event
- 2. Implementing Event Sourcing
- 3. Using Event Streams
- 4. Implementing Event Versioning
- 5. Handling Event Ordering
- 6. Implementing Event Replay
- 7. Using Event Schemas
- 8. Implementing Event Handlers
- 9. Handling Event Consistency
- Example: Outbox table
- 10. Using Event Correlation
- 11. Implementing Event Notification vs Event-Carried State Transfer
- Event Notification
- Event-Carried State Transfer
- 12. Managing Event Store
- 1. Understanding CQRS Principles
- 2. Separating Read and Write Models
- 3. Implementing Command Handlers
- Example: Command handler (Java)
- 4. Implementing Query Handlers
- 5. Synchronizing Read and Write Models
- 6. Implementing Event Sourcing with CQRS
- 7. Handling Eventual Consistency
- 8. Designing Read Model Projections
- 9. Optimizing Query Performance
- 10. Managing CQRS Complexity
- 11. Implementing Command Validation
- 12. Using Event-Driven Synchronization
- 1. Implementing Client-Side Discovery
- 2. Implementing Server-Side Discovery
- 3. Using Service Registry
- 4. Implementing Health Checks
- 5. Handling Service Registration
- 6. Using DNS-Based Discovery
- 7. Implementing Service Metadata
- 8. Handling Dynamic Port Allocation
- 9. Implementing Heartbeat Mechanisms
- 10. Managing Service Instances
- 11. Using Service Discovery Tools
- 12. Implementing Service Health Aggregation
- 1. Routing Requests
- 2. Implementing Request Aggregation
- 3. Handling Protocol Translation
- 4. Implementing Rate Limiting
- 5. Managing Authentication
- 6. Implementing Request/Response Transformation
- 7. Handling API Versioning
- 8. Implementing Response Caching
- 9. Using Circuit Breakers
- 10. Implementing CORS Handling
- 11. Managing API Documentation
- 12. Implementing Backend for Frontends
- 1. Understanding Service Mesh Architecture
- 2. Using Sidecar Proxies
- 3. Implementing Traffic Management
- 4. Using Circuit Breaking
- 5. Implementing Load Balancing
- 6. Managing mTLS
- 7. Implementing Traffic Splitting
- Example: Istio canary 90/10
- 8. Using Fault Injection
- 9. Implementing Request Routing
- 10. Managing Service Policies
- 11. Implementing Observability
- 12. Comparing Istio vs Linkerd vs Consul Connect
- 1. Externalizing Configuration
- 2. Using Configuration Server
- 3. Implementing Configuration Refresh
- 4. Managing Secrets
- 5. Using Environment Variables
- 6. Implementing Configuration Profiles
- 7. Versioning Configuration
- 8. Handling Configuration Hierarchy
- 9. Implementing Feature Flags
- 10. Using Configuration Encryption
- 11. Managing Configuration Schema
- 12. Using Configuration Management Tools
- 1. Implementing Database per Service
- 2. Understanding Shared Database Anti-Pattern
- 3. Implementing Data Replication
- 4. Handling Data Consistency
- 5. Using Eventual Consistency
- 6. Implementing Change Data Capture
- 7. Managing Data Ownership
- 8. Handling Data Duplication
- 9. Implementing Polyglot Persistence
- 10. Implementing Database Sharding
- 11. Managing Data Migration
- 12. Understanding Transaction Boundaries
- 1. Understanding ACID vs BASE Properties
- 2. Understanding Two-Phase Commit
- 3. Implementing Saga Pattern
- 4. Using Compensating Transactions
- 5. Implementing Saga Orchestration
- 6. Implementing Saga Choreography
- 7. Handling Transaction Isolation
- 8. Managing Transaction Timeouts
- 9. Implementing Idempotency
- 10. Using Event-Driven Consistency
- 11. Handling Partial Failures
- 12. Managing Transaction Logs
- 1. Understanding Eventual Consistency
- 2. Implementing Strong Consistency
- 3. Using Causal Consistency
- 4. Implementing Read-Your-Writes Consistency
- 5. Using Optimistic Locking
- Example: version column
- 6. Implementing Pessimistic Locking
- 7. Using Idempotency for Safe Retries
- 8. Implementing Conflict Resolution
- 9. Managing Data Versioning
- 10. Understanding Consistency Trade-offs
- 11. Implementing Consistency Patterns
- 12. Using Consistency Levels
- 1. Implementing JWT Authentication
- 2. Using OAuth 2.0 Flows
- 3. Implementing API Key Authentication
- 4. Using mTLS Authentication
- 5. Implementing Token Refresh
- 6. Managing Token Expiration
- 7. Implementing Role-Based Access Control
- 8. Implementing Attribute-Based Access Control
- Example: Rego policy
- 9. Using Claims-Based Authorization
- 10. Implementing Service-to-Service Auth
- 11. Handling Token Revocation
- 12. Implementing Single Sign-On
- 1. Encrypting Data in Transit
- 2. Encrypting Data at Rest
- 3. Implementing Input Validation
- 4. Preventing SQL Injection
- 5. Preventing XSS Attacks
- 6. Implementing CSRF Protection
- 7. Using Security Headers
- 8. Implementing Secrets Management
- 9. Handling Sensitive Data
- 10. Implementing Audit Logging
- 11. Using API Security Standards
- 12. Implementing Zero Trust Architecture
- 1. Implementing TLS/SSL
- 2. Using mTLS
- 3. Implementing Certificate Management
- 4. Using Service-to-Service Authentication
- 5. Implementing API Gateway Security
- 6. Managing Network Policies
- Example: Kubernetes NetworkPolicy
- 7. Using VPN and Private Networks
- 8. Implementing Web Application Firewall
- 9. Managing DDoS Protection
- 10. Implementing IP Whitelisting/Blacklisting
- 11. Using Network Segmentation
- 12. Implementing Secure Service Mesh Communication
- 1. Using Token Bucket Algorithm
- Example: Token bucket (Redis Lua)
- 2. Using Leaky Bucket Algorithm
- 3. Using Fixed Window Counter
- 4. Using Sliding Window Log
- 5. Using Sliding Window Counter
- 6. Implementing Per-User Limits
- 7. Implementing Per-Service Limits
- 8. Handling Rate Limit Responses
- 9. Using Distributed Rate Limiting
- 10. Implementing Rate Limit Headers
- 11. Managing Rate Limit Tiers
- 12. Implementing Adaptive Rate Limiting
- 1. Understanding Failure Modes
- 2. Implementing Circuit Breaker Pattern
- 3. Implementing Retry Pattern
- 4. Implementing Timeout Pattern
- 5. Implementing Bulkhead Pattern
- 6. Implementing Graceful Degradation
- 7. Using Failure Detection
- 8. Handling Cascading Failures
- 9. Implementing Self-Healing
- 10. Managing Partial System Availability
- 11. Using Redundancy
- 12. Using Resilience Libraries
- 1. Defining Error Response Format
- Example: Problem Details body
- 2. Using HTTP Status Codes
- 3. Implementing Error Codes
- 4. Adding Error Context
- 5. Handling Validation Errors
- 6. Implementing Global Error Handlers
- Example: Spring Boot 3 @RestControllerAdvice
- 7. Logging Errors
- 8. Propagating Errors
- 9. Implementing Fallback Responses
- 10. Handling Timeout Errors
- 11. Implementing Retry Logic
- 12. Using Error Aggregation
- 1. Using Client-Side Caching
- 2. Implementing Server-Side Caching
- 3. Using Distributed Caching
- 4. Implementing Cache-Aside Pattern
- 5. Implementing Read-Through Pattern
- 6. Implementing Write-Through Pattern
- 7. Implementing Write-Behind Pattern
- 8. Managing Cache Invalidation
- 9. Using Cache Keys
- 10. Implementing Cache Warming
- 11. Handling Cache Stampede
- 12. Implementing HTTP Caching Headers
- 1. Using Round Robin Algorithm
- 2. Using Least Connections Algorithm
- 3. Using Weighted Round Robin
- 4. Using IP Hash Algorithm
- 5. Implementing Health-Based Routing
- 6. Implementing Sticky Sessions
- 7. Using Geographic Load Balancing
- 8. Implementing Layer 7 Load Balancing
- 9. Using Layer 4 Load Balancing
- 10. Handling Load Balancer Failures
- 11. Using Load Balancing Tools
- 12. Implementing Dynamic Load Balancing
- 1. Using URI Versioning
- 2. Using Header Versioning
- 3. Using Query Parameter Versioning
- 4. Using Content Negotiation
- 5. Implementing Backward Compatibility
- 6. Managing Breaking Changes
- 7. Deprecating Old Versions
- 8. Supporting Multiple Versions
- 9. Implementing Version Routing
- 10. Documenting Version Changes
- 11. Using Semantic Versioning
- 12. Implementing API Lifecycle Management
- 1. Understanding Distributed Tracing Concepts
- 2. Generating Trace IDs
- 3. Propagating Trace Context
- 4. Creating Spans
- Example: OpenTelemetry (Java)
- 5. Using Parent-Child Relationships
- 6. Adding Span Tags
- 7. Adding Span Logs
- 8. Implementing Sampling Strategies
- 9. Correlating Traces Across Services
- 10. Analyzing Trace Data
- 11. Implementing Error Tracing
- 12. Using Tracing Tools
- 1. Using Structured Logging
- Example: JSON log event
- 2. Implementing Log Levels
- 3. Adding Correlation IDs
- 4. Centralizing Logs
- 5. Implementing Log Sampling
- 6. Using Contextual Logging
- 7. Logging Security Events
- 8. Handling Sensitive Data
- 9. Implementing Log Retention
- 10. Using Log Timestamps
- 11. Implementing Log Rotation
- 12. Using Logging Tools
- 1. Collecting Application Metrics
- 2. Implementing Health Endpoints
- 3. Using RED Metrics
- 4. Using USE Metrics
- 5. Monitoring Business Metrics
- 6. Implementing Custom Metrics
- Example: Micrometer (Java)
- 7. Using Metric Labels
- 8. Setting Up Alerting Rules
- Example: Prometheus alert rule
- 9. Implementing SLO Monitoring
- 10. Creating Dashboards
- 11. Implementing Metric Aggregation
- 12. Using Monitoring Tools
- 1. Understanding Observability Pillars
- 2. Implementing Distributed Tracing
- 3. Collecting Metrics
- 4. Centralizing Logs
- 5. Creating Dashboards
- 6. Setting Up Alerts
- 7. Implementing SLO Monitoring
- 8. Using Correlation IDs
- 9. Implementing Error Tracking
- 10. Creating Service Dependency Maps
- 11. Implementing Audit Trails
- 12. Using OpenTelemetry for Standardization
- 1. Writing Unit Tests
- 2. Writing Integration Tests
- 3. Implementing Contract Testing
- 4. Using Component Testing
- 5. Implementing End-to-End Testing
- 6. Testing Asynchronous Communication
- 7. Implementing Chaos Testing
- 8. Testing Security
- 9. Implementing Performance Testing
- 10. Using Test Doubles
- 11. Testing Resilience Patterns
- 12. Using Testing Tools
- 1. Optimizing Database Queries
- 2. Implementing Connection Pooling
- 3. Using Asynchronous Processing
- 4. Implementing Lazy Loading
- 5. Using Batch Processing
- 6. Optimizing Payload Size
- 7. Implementing Parallel Processing
- 8. Using CDN for Static Assets
- 9. Optimizing Network Latency
- 10. Implementing Query Optimization
- 11. Using HTTP/2 and HTTP/3
- 12. Implementing Response Compression
- 1. Scaling Horizontally
- 2. Scaling Vertically
- 3. Implementing Stateless Services
- 4. Using Database Sharding
- 5. Implementing Read Replicas
- 6. Using Event Sourcing
- 7. Implementing CQRS
- 8. Using Asynchronous Processing
- 9. Implementing Auto-Scaling
- 10. Managing Hot Partitions
- 11. Using Database Connection Pooling
- 12. Implementing Queue-Based Load Leveling
- 1. Using Message Queues
- 2. Implementing Background Jobs
- 3. Using Event-Driven Processing
- 4. Implementing Worker Pools
- 5. Managing Long-Running Operations
- 6. Using Webhooks
- 7. Implementing Polling vs Push Mechanisms
- 8. Managing Job Queues
- 9. Implementing Status Tracking
- 10. Handling Async Failures
- 11. Implementing Async Request-Reply
- 12. Using Async Processing Tools
- 1. Using Blue-Green Deployment
- 2. Implementing Canary Releases
- 3. Using Rolling Updates
- 4. Implementing Feature Toggles
- 5. Using A/B Testing
- 6. Implementing Shadow Deployment
- 7. Managing Deployment Pipelines
- 8. Implementing Rollback Strategies
- 9. Using Infrastructure as Code
- 10. Implementing Zero-Downtime Deployment
- 11. Managing Database Migrations
- 12. Using Deployment Tools
- 1. Understanding Container Orchestration
- 2. Defining Service Manifests
- Example: Kubernetes Deployment + Service
- 3. Managing Service Replicas
- 4. Implementing Health Checks
- 5. Using Resource Limits
- 6. Implementing Service Discovery
- 7. Managing Configuration
- 8. Handling Secrets
- 9. Implementing Rolling Updates
- 10. Using Persistent Storage
- 11. Implementing Auto-Scaling
- 12. Managing Namespaces and Multi-Tenancy
- 1. Using Containerization
- 2. Implementing Container Orchestration
- 3. Using Serverless Functions
- 4. Implementing API Gateways
- 5. Using Managed Databases
- 6. Implementing Message Queues
- 7. Using Object Storage
- 8. Implementing CDN
- 9. Using Cloud Monitoring
- 10. Implementing Infrastructure as Code
- 11. Using Managed Kubernetes
- 12. Implementing Cloud-Native Patterns
- 1. Setting Up Local Development
- 2. Implementing Service Stubs
- 3. Using Contract Testing
- 4. Implementing Feature Branches
- 5. Using Trunk-Based Development
- 6. Implementing Code Reviews
- 7. Setting Up CI/CD Pipelines
- 8. Using Service Templates
- 9. Implementing Database Migrations
- 10. Managing Shared Libraries
- 11. Using Monorepo vs Polyrepo Strategies
- 12. Implementing Developer Experience
- 1. Documenting REST APIs
- 2. Documenting GraphQL APIs
- 3. Documenting gRPC APIs
- 4. Creating Architecture Diagrams
- 5. Documenting Service Contracts
- 6. Maintaining API Changelog
- 7. Documenting Configuration
- 8. Creating Runbooks
- 9. Documenting Error Codes
- 10. Maintaining Developer Guides
- 11. Using API Documentation Tools
- 12. Implementing Interactive Documentation
- 1. Defining Service Standards
- 2. Implementing Service Registry
- 3. Managing Service Lifecycle
- 4. Enforcing API Standards
- 5. Implementing Service Ownership
- 6. Managing Service Dependencies
- 7. Implementing Change Management
- 8. Enforcing Security Policies
- 9. Managing Service Versioning
- 10. Implementing Cost Management
- 11. Using Governance Tools
- 12. Implementing API Gateway Governance
- 1. Implementing Request Correlation
- 2. Managing Service Identity
- 3. Implementing Tenant Isolation
- 4. Handling Internationalization
- 5. Implementing Audit Logging
- 6. Managing Data Privacy
- 7. Implementing Compliance Controls
- 8. Handling Time Zones
- 9. Implementing Accessibility
- 10. Managing Environmental Configuration
- 11. Implementing Feature Flags
- 12. Managing Cross-Service Transactions
- 1. Assessing Monolith Architecture
- 2. Identifying Service Boundaries
- 3. Using Strangler Fig Pattern
- 4. Implementing Anti-Corruption Layer
- 5. Extracting Services Gradually
- 6. Managing Data Migration
- 7. Implementing Feature Parity
- 8. Testing During Migration
- 9. Managing Team Transition
- 10. Handling Rollback Scenarios
- 11. Using Branch by Abstraction
- 12. Implementing Parallel Run Strategy
- 1. Designing Backup Strategies
- 2. Implementing Recovery Point Objective
- 3. Implementing Recovery Time Objective
- 4. Using Multi-Region Deployment
- 5. Implementing Failover Mechanisms
- 6. Testing Disaster Recovery
- 7. Managing Data Replication
- 8. Implementing Circuit Breakers
- 9. Using Chaos Engineering
- 10. Maintaining Disaster Recovery Plans
- 11. Implementing Active-Active vs Active-Passive
- 12. Using DR Automation Tools
- 1. Rightsizing Service Instances
- 2. Implementing Auto-Scaling
- 3. Using Spot Instances
- 4. Implementing Resource Limits
- 5. Optimizing Database Usage
- 6. Using Caching Effectively
- 7. Implementing Data Lifecycle
- 8. Monitoring Resource Usage
- 9. Implementing Reserved Capacity
- 10. Optimizing Network Traffic
- 11. Using FinOps Practices
- 12. Implementing Cost Allocation Tags