Enterprise and Production Considerations
1. Polyfill Bundle Size Optimization
| Optimization Technique | Method | Size Reduction | Implementation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tree Shaking | Remove unused code | 30-50% | ES modules + webpack/rollup |
| Code Splitting | Separate polyfill chunks | 40-60% | Dynamic imports |
| Differential Serving | Modern vs legacy bundles | 50-70% | module/nomodule |
| Selective Polyfills | Load only needed features | 60-80% | Feature detection |
| Compression | Gzip/Brotli | 70-80% | Server configuration |
| Minification | Remove whitespace, optimize | 20-30% | Terser/UglifyJS |
Example: Bundle size optimization strategy
// bundle-optimizer.js
var BundleOptimizer = {
// Analyze bundle composition
analyzeBundle: function() {
// Use webpack-bundle-analyzer or similar
return {
total: 250, // KB
polyfills: 120, // KB
application: 100, // KB
vendor: 30 // KB
};
},
// Calculate optimal polyfill strategy
optimizeStrategy: function() {
var analysis = this.analyzeBundle();
var recommendations = [];
// Check if polyfills are too large
var polyfillPercentage = (analysis.polyfills / analysis.total) * 100;
if (polyfillPercentage > 40) {
recommendations.push({
issue: 'Polyfills exceed 40% of bundle',
solution: 'Implement differential serving',
savings: Math.round(analysis.polyfills * 0.6) + ' KB'
});
}
// Check for tree-shaking opportunities
recommendations.push({
issue: 'Potential unused polyfills',
solution: 'Use core-js with useBuiltIns: "usage"',
savings: Math.round(analysis.polyfills * 0.3) + ' KB'
});
// Compression recommendations
recommendations.push({
issue: 'Uncompressed assets',
solution: 'Enable Brotli compression',
savings: Math.round(analysis.total * 0.7) + ' KB (transfer size)'
});
return recommendations;
},
// Generate optimized bundle configuration
generateConfig: function() {
return {
modern: {
target: 'es2015',
polyfills: [
'Promise.allSettled',
'String.matchAll'
],
size: '80 KB',
browsers: '>0.5%, not dead, supports es6-module'
},
legacy: {
target: 'es5',
polyfills: [
'core-js/stable',
'regenerator-runtime',
'whatwg-fetch',
'intersection-observer'
],
size: '220 KB',
browsers: 'ie 11, > 0.5%'
},
savings: {
modernBrowsers: '140 KB saved (64%)',
avgUser: '90 KB saved (41%)'
}
};
}
};
// Webpack plugin for size budget enforcement
class PolyfillBudgetPlugin {
constructor(options) {
this.maxSize = options.maxSize || 100 * 1024; // 100 KB default
this.maxPolyfillPercentage = options.maxPolyfillPercentage || 30;
}
apply(compiler) {
compiler.hooks.afterEmit.tap('PolyfillBudgetPlugin', (compilation) => {
var polyfillSize = 0;
var totalSize = 0;
Object.keys(compilation.assets).forEach((filename) => {
var size = compilation.assets[filename].size();
totalSize += size;
if (filename.includes('polyfill')) {
polyfillSize += size;
}
});
var percentage = (polyfillSize / totalSize) * 100;
console.log('\n📦 Bundle Size Analysis:');
console.log(' Total: ' + (totalSize / 1024).toFixed(2) + ' KB');
console.log(' Polyfills: ' + (polyfillSize / 1024).toFixed(2) + ' KB (' + percentage.toFixed(1) + '%)');
if (polyfillSize > this.maxSize) {
compilation.errors.push(
new Error('Polyfill bundle exceeds size budget: ' +
(polyfillSize / 1024).toFixed(2) + ' KB > ' +
(this.maxSize / 1024).toFixed(2) + ' KB')
);
}
if (percentage > this.maxPolyfillPercentage) {
compilation.warnings.push(
new Error('Polyfills exceed ' + this.maxPolyfillPercentage +
'% of total bundle (' + percentage.toFixed(1) + '%)')
);
}
});
}
}
// Usage in webpack.config.js
module.exports = {
plugins: [
new PolyfillBudgetPlugin({
maxSize: 100 * 1024, // 100 KB
maxPolyfillPercentage: 30 // 30%
})
],
performance: {
maxEntrypointSize: 250 * 1024,
maxAssetSize: 100 * 1024,
hints: 'warning'
}
};
Note: Target <100 KB polyfills for modern browsers,
<250 KB for legacy. Use differential serving to reduce modern bundle by 50-70%.
2. Runtime Performance Impact Analysis
| Metric | Measurement Tool | Acceptable Range | Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parse Time | DevTools Performance | <50 ms | FCP, TTI |
| Execution Time | performance.measure() | <100 ms | TTI |
| Method Call Overhead | Benchmark tests | <2x native | Runtime performance |
| Main Thread Blocking | Lighthouse | <50 ms chunks | Responsiveness |
| FCP Impact | WebPageTest, Lighthouse | <100 ms delay | Perceived performance |
Example: Performance monitoring system
// performance-monitor.js
var PolyfillPerformanceMonitor = {
metrics: {},
// Mark polyfill loading start
markStart: function(polyfillName) {
performance.mark('polyfill-' + polyfillName + '-start');
},
// Mark polyfill loading end
markEnd: function(polyfillName) {
performance.mark('polyfill-' + polyfillName + '-end');
performance.measure(
'polyfill-' + polyfillName,
'polyfill-' + polyfillName + '-start',
'polyfill-' + polyfillName + '-end'
);
var measure = performance.getEntriesByName('polyfill-' + polyfillName)[0];
this.metrics[polyfillName] = {
duration: measure.duration,
startTime: measure.startTime
};
console.log('Polyfill ' + polyfillName + ' loaded in ' +
measure.duration.toFixed(2) + 'ms');
},
// Measure method performance
measureMethod: function(nativeFn, polyfillFn, iterations) {
iterations = iterations || 10000;
// Measure native
var nativeStart = performance.now();
for (var i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
nativeFn();
}
var nativeDuration = performance.now() - nativeStart;
// Measure polyfill
var polyfillStart = performance.now();
for (var i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
polyfillFn();
}
var polyfillDuration = performance.now() - polyfillStart;
var slowdown = polyfillDuration / nativeDuration;
return {
native: nativeDuration,
polyfill: polyfillDuration,
slowdown: slowdown,
acceptable: slowdown < 2
};
},
// Monitor FCP impact
measureFCPImpact: function() {
if (!window.PerformanceObserver) {
return;
}
var observer = new PerformanceObserver(function(list) {
list.getEntries().forEach(function(entry) {
if (entry.name === 'first-contentful-paint') {
console.log('FCP: ' + entry.startTime.toFixed(2) + 'ms');
// Check if polyfills delayed FCP
var polyfillMarks = performance.getEntriesByType('mark')
.filter(function(mark) {
return mark.name.includes('polyfill');
});
var polyfillTime = 0;
polyfillMarks.forEach(function(mark) {
if (mark.startTime < entry.startTime) {
polyfillTime += mark.duration || 0;
}
});
var impact = (polyfillTime / entry.startTime) * 100;
console.log('Polyfill impact on FCP: ' + impact.toFixed(1) + '%');
}
});
});
observer.observe({ entryTypes: ['paint'] });
},
// Generate performance report
generateReport: function() {
var report = {
totalPolyfillTime: 0,
polyfills: [],
recommendations: []
};
Object.keys(this.metrics).forEach(function(name) {
var metric = this.metrics[name];
report.totalPolyfillTime += metric.duration;
report.polyfills.push({
name: name,
duration: metric.duration.toFixed(2) + 'ms',
startTime: metric.startTime.toFixed(2) + 'ms'
});
// Recommendations
if (metric.duration > 50) {
report.recommendations.push({
polyfill: name,
issue: 'Slow loading (>50ms)',
solution: 'Consider lazy loading or removing'
});
}
}.bind(this));
// Overall assessment
if (report.totalPolyfillTime > 100) {
report.recommendations.push({
issue: 'Total polyfill time exceeds 100ms',
solution: 'Use differential serving to reduce polyfills for modern browsers'
});
}
return report;
},
// Send metrics to analytics
sendToAnalytics: function() {
var report = this.generateReport();
// Send to Google Analytics, custom endpoint, etc.
if (typeof gtag !== 'undefined') {
gtag('event', 'polyfill_performance', {
total_time: report.totalPolyfillTime,
polyfill_count: report.polyfills.length
});
}
console.log('Performance Report:', report);
}
};
// Usage
PolyfillPerformanceMonitor.markStart('Promise');
import('es6-promise/auto').then(function() {
PolyfillPerformanceMonitor.markEnd('Promise');
});
// Monitor FCP impact
PolyfillPerformanceMonitor.measureFCPImpact();
// Generate report on page load
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
setTimeout(function() {
PolyfillPerformanceMonitor.sendToAnalytics();
}, 1000);
});
Warning: Polyfills can delay FCP by 50-200 ms. Measure impact
and lazy-load non-critical polyfills to improve perceived performance.
3. Memory Usage and Garbage Collection
| Issue | Cause | Impact | Solution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Memory Leaks | Retained references | Growing heap, crashes | Cleanup, WeakMap/WeakSet |
| High Memory Overhead | Polyfill implementation | Mobile performance | Optimize algorithms |
| Frequent GC Pauses | Object churn | Jank, stuttering | Object pooling |
| Large Closures | Captured scope | Memory retention | Minimize closure scope |
| Prototype Pollution | Unsafe extensions | Security, conflicts | Feature detection guards |
Example: Memory monitoring and optimization
// memory-monitor.js
var MemoryMonitor = {
snapshots: [],
// Take memory snapshot (Chrome only)
takeSnapshot: function() {
if (!performance.memory) {
console.warn('performance.memory not available');
return null;
}
var snapshot = {
timestamp: Date.now(),
usedJSHeapSize: performance.memory.usedJSHeapSize,
totalJSHeapSize: performance.memory.totalJSHeapSize,
jsHeapSizeLimit: performance.memory.jsHeapSizeLimit
};
this.snapshots.push(snapshot);
return snapshot;
},
// Analyze memory growth
analyzeGrowth: function() {
if (this.snapshots.length < 2) {
return null;
}
var first = this.snapshots[0];
var last = this.snapshots[this.snapshots.length - 1];
var growth = last.usedJSHeapSize - first.usedJSHeapSize;
var duration = last.timestamp - first.timestamp;
var growthRate = growth / duration; // bytes per ms
return {
growth: (growth / 1024 / 1024).toFixed(2) + ' MB',
duration: (duration / 1000).toFixed(2) + ' seconds',
growthRate: (growthRate * 1000).toFixed(2) + ' KB/s',
isLeaking: growthRate > 100 // >100 KB/s sustained growth
};
},
// Test for memory leaks
testForLeaks: function(testFn, iterations) {
iterations = iterations || 1000;
// Force GC before test (requires --expose-gc flag)
if (global.gc) {
global.gc();
}
this.takeSnapshot();
// Run test function multiple times
for (var i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
testFn();
}
// Force GC after test
if (global.gc) {
global.gc();
}
setTimeout(function() {
this.takeSnapshot();
var analysis = this.analyzeGrowth();
console.log('Memory Leak Test Results:');
console.log(' Growth: ' + analysis.growth);
console.log(' Rate: ' + analysis.growthRate);
console.log(' Leaking: ' + (analysis.isLeaking ? 'YES ⚠️' : 'NO ✓'));
}.bind(this), 1000);
},
// Monitor continuous memory usage
startMonitoring: function(interval) {
interval = interval || 5000; // 5 seconds
this.monitoringInterval = setInterval(function() {
var snapshot = this.takeSnapshot();
if (snapshot) {
var usedMB = (snapshot.usedJSHeapSize / 1024 / 1024).toFixed(2);
var totalMB = (snapshot.totalJSHeapSize / 1024 / 1024).toFixed(2);
var percentage = ((snapshot.usedJSHeapSize / snapshot.totalJSHeapSize) * 100).toFixed(1);
console.log('Memory: ' + usedMB + ' MB / ' + totalMB + ' MB (' + percentage + '%)');
// Alert if memory is high
if (percentage > 80) {
console.warn('⚠️ High memory usage: ' + percentage + '%');
}
}
}.bind(this), interval);
},
stopMonitoring: function() {
if (this.monitoringInterval) {
clearInterval(this.monitoringInterval);
}
}
};
// Memory-efficient polyfill patterns
var MemoryEfficientPolyfills = {
// Use WeakMap to avoid memory leaks
createPrivateStorage: function() {
if (typeof WeakMap !== 'undefined') {
return new WeakMap();
} else {
// Fallback: use regular object with cleanup
var storage = {};
var counter = 0;
return {
set: function(key, value) {
if (!key.__memoryId) {
key.__memoryId = 'id_' + (++counter);
}
storage[key.__memoryId] = value;
},
get: function(key) {
return key.__memoryId ? storage[key.__memoryId] : undefined;
},
delete: function(key) {
if (key.__memoryId) {
delete storage[key.__memoryId];
}
}
};
}
},
// Object pooling for frequently created objects
createObjectPool: function(createFn, resetFn) {
var pool = [];
var maxSize = 100;
return {
acquire: function() {
if (pool.length > 0) {
return pool.pop();
} else {
return createFn();
}
},
release: function(obj) {
if (pool.length < maxSize) {
resetFn(obj);
pool.push(obj);
}
}
};
}
};
// Test for memory leaks
MemoryMonitor.testForLeaks(function() {
// Test Promise polyfill for leaks
new Promise(function(resolve) {
resolve('test');
}).then(function(result) {
return result;
});
}, 1000);
// Start continuous monitoring
MemoryMonitor.startMonitoring(10000);
Note: Monitor memory usage in production. Polyfills can add 2-5 MB
heap overhead. Use WeakMap/WeakSet to prevent leaks.
4. Monitoring and Error Tracking with Polyfills
| Monitoring Tool | Metrics Tracked | Integration | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sentry | Errors, performance, releases | SDK + source maps | Free tier available |
| Datadog RUM | User sessions, performance | Browser SDK | Paid |
| New Relic | Application performance | Browser agent | Paid |
| Google Analytics | Custom events, timing | gtag.js | Free |
| Custom Logging | Application-specific | Custom endpoint | Infrastructure cost |
Example: Error tracking and monitoring integration
// polyfill-monitoring.js
var PolyfillMonitoring = {
// Track which polyfills were loaded
loadedPolyfills: [],
// Track polyfill errors
polyfillErrors: [],
// Initialize monitoring
init: function(config) {
this.config = config || {};
// Set up error tracking
this.setupErrorTracking();
// Track polyfill metadata
this.trackPolyfillMetadata();
// Send initial load event
this.trackEvent('polyfills_initialized', {
userAgent: navigator.userAgent,
viewport: window.innerWidth + 'x' + window.innerHeight
});
},
// Set up global error tracking
setupErrorTracking: function() {
var self = this;
// Catch unhandled errors
window.addEventListener('error', function(event) {
// Check if error is polyfill-related
if (event.filename && event.filename.includes('polyfill')) {
self.trackPolyfillError({
message: event.message,
filename: event.filename,
lineno: event.lineno,
colno: event.colno,
stack: event.error ? event.error.stack : null
});
}
});
// Catch unhandled promise rejections
window.addEventListener('unhandledrejection', function(event) {
self.trackPolyfillError({
message: 'Unhandled Promise Rejection',
reason: event.reason,
promise: event.promise
});
});
},
// Track polyfill loading
trackPolyfillLoad: function(polyfillName, loadTime, success) {
this.loadedPolyfills.push({
name: polyfillName,
loadTime: loadTime,
success: success,
timestamp: Date.now()
});
// Send to monitoring service
this.trackEvent('polyfill_loaded', {
polyfill: polyfillName,
loadTime: loadTime,
success: success
});
// Track in Sentry
if (window.Sentry) {
Sentry.addBreadcrumb({
category: 'polyfill',
message: 'Loaded ' + polyfillName,
level: success ? 'info' : 'error',
data: { loadTime: loadTime }
});
}
},
// Track polyfill errors
trackPolyfillError: function(errorInfo) {
this.polyfillErrors.push({
...errorInfo,
timestamp: Date.now(),
userAgent: navigator.userAgent
});
console.error('Polyfill Error:', errorInfo);
// Send to Sentry
if (window.Sentry) {
Sentry.captureException(new Error(errorInfo.message), {
tags: {
type: 'polyfill_error',
polyfill: errorInfo.filename || 'unknown'
},
extra: errorInfo
});
}
// Send to custom endpoint
this.sendToEndpoint('/api/polyfill-errors', errorInfo);
},
// Track polyfill metadata
trackPolyfillMetadata: function() {
var metadata = {
browser: this.detectBrowser(),
features: this.detectFeatureSupport(),
polyfillsNeeded: this.detectPolyfillsNeeded()
};
// Set Sentry context
if (window.Sentry) {
Sentry.setContext('polyfills', metadata);
}
// Send to analytics
this.trackEvent('polyfill_metadata', metadata);
},
// Detect browser
detectBrowser: function() {
var ua = navigator.userAgent;
var browsers = {
chrome: /Chrome\/(\d+)/.exec(ua),
firefox: /Firefox\/(\d+)/.exec(ua),
safari: /Version\/(\d+).*Safari/.exec(ua),
edge: /Edg\/(\d+)/.exec(ua),
ie: /MSIE (\d+)|Trident.*rv:(\d+)/.exec(ua)
};
for (var name in browsers) {
if (browsers[name]) {
return {
name: name,
version: browsers[name][1] || browsers[name][2]
};
}
}
return { name: 'unknown', version: 'unknown' };
},
// Detect feature support
detectFeatureSupport: function() {
return {
Promise: typeof Promise !== 'undefined',
fetch: typeof fetch !== 'undefined',
IntersectionObserver: typeof IntersectionObserver !== 'undefined',
ResizeObserver: typeof ResizeObserver !== 'undefined',
CustomElements: typeof customElements !== 'undefined',
Map: typeof Map !== 'undefined',
Set: typeof Set !== 'undefined',
Symbol: typeof Symbol !== 'undefined'
};
},
// Detect which polyfills are needed
detectPolyfillsNeeded: function() {
var support = this.detectFeatureSupport();
var needed = [];
Object.keys(support).forEach(function(feature) {
if (!support[feature]) {
needed.push(feature);
}
});
return needed;
},
// Track custom event
trackEvent: function(eventName, data) {
// Google Analytics
if (typeof gtag !== 'undefined') {
gtag('event', eventName, data);
}
// Datadog RUM
if (window.DD_RUM) {
window.DD_RUM.addAction(eventName, data);
}
console.log('Event:', eventName, data);
},
// Send data to custom endpoint
sendToEndpoint: function(endpoint, data) {
if (typeof fetch !== 'undefined') {
fetch(endpoint, {
method: 'POST',
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
body: JSON.stringify(data)
}).catch(function(error) {
console.error('Failed to send monitoring data:', error);
});
}
},
// Generate monitoring report
generateReport: function() {
return {
loadedPolyfills: this.loadedPolyfills,
errors: this.polyfillErrors,
browser: this.detectBrowser(),
features: this.detectFeatureSupport(),
summary: {
totalPolyfills: this.loadedPolyfills.length,
totalErrors: this.polyfillErrors.length,
avgLoadTime: this.loadedPolyfills.reduce(function(sum, p) {
return sum + (p.loadTime || 0);
}, 0) / this.loadedPolyfills.length
}
};
}
};
// Initialize monitoring
PolyfillMonitoring.init({
sentryDsn: 'https://your-sentry-dsn',
customEndpoint: '/api/monitoring'
});
// Track polyfill loading
PolyfillMonitoring.trackPolyfillLoad('Promise', 25, true);
PolyfillMonitoring.trackPolyfillLoad('fetch', 18, true);
Note: Track polyfill load success rates and errors by browser
version. Use data to identify problematic polyfills or browser combinations.
5. Deployment Strategies for Polyfill Updates
| Strategy | Risk Level | Rollback Time | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blue-Green Deployment | Low | Instant | Critical updates |
| Canary Release | Low | 5-10 minutes | Gradual rollout |
| Rolling Update | Medium | 15-30 minutes | Continuous deployment |
| Feature Flags | Very Low | Instant | A/B testing |
| Versioned Assets | Low | Cache expiry | Cache busting |
Example: Deployment automation with canary strategy
// deployment-manager.js
var PolyfillDeployment = {
// Current polyfill version
version: '1.2.3',
// Canary configuration
canary: {
enabled: false,
percentage: 10, // 10% of users
duration: 3600000, // 1 hour
startTime: null
},
// Feature flags
flags: {
'new-promise-polyfill': false,
'experimental-fetch': false
},
// Initialize deployment
init: function() {
// Check if user is in canary group
var isCanary = this.isCanaryUser();
if (isCanary) {
console.log('User in canary group, loading new polyfills');
this.loadCanaryPolyfills();
} else {
console.log('User in stable group, loading stable polyfills');
this.loadStablePolyfills();
}
// Track deployment version
this.trackDeploymentMetrics();
},
// Check if user is in canary group
isCanaryUser: function() {
if (!this.canary.enabled) {
return false;
}
// Check if canary period expired
if (this.canary.startTime) {
var elapsed = Date.now() - this.canary.startTime;
if (elapsed > this.canary.duration) {
return false;
}
}
// Use consistent hashing based on user ID or session
var userId = this.getUserId();
var hash = this.hashCode(userId);
var bucket = Math.abs(hash % 100);
return bucket < this.canary.percentage;
},
// Get or generate user ID
getUserId: function() {
var userId = localStorage.getItem('userId');
if (!userId) {
userId = 'user_' + Date.now() + '_' + Math.random();
localStorage.setItem('userId', userId);
}
return userId;
},
// Simple hash function
hashCode: function(str) {
var hash = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
var char = str.charCodeAt(i);
hash = ((hash << 5) - hash) + char;
hash = hash & hash;
}
return hash;
},
// Load canary polyfills
loadCanaryPolyfills: function() {
var version = this.version + '-canary';
return Promise.all([
this.loadVersionedPolyfill('promise', version),
this.loadVersionedPolyfill('fetch', version)
]).then(function() {
console.log('Canary polyfills loaded');
this.trackEvent('canary_polyfills_loaded');
}.bind(this));
},
// Load stable polyfills
loadStablePolyfills: function() {
return Promise.all([
this.loadVersionedPolyfill('promise', this.version),
this.loadVersionedPolyfill('fetch', this.version)
]).then(function() {
console.log('Stable polyfills loaded');
this.trackEvent('stable_polyfills_loaded');
}.bind(this));
},
// Load versioned polyfill
loadVersionedPolyfill: function(name, version) {
var url = '/polyfills/' + name + '.' + version + '.js';
return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.src = url;
script.async = true;
script.onload = function() {
console.log('Loaded:', name, 'v' + version);
resolve();
};
script.onerror = function() {
console.error('Failed to load:', name, 'v' + version);
// Fallback to stable version
if (version.includes('canary')) {
console.log('Falling back to stable version');
PolyfillDeployment.loadVersionedPolyfill(name, PolyfillDeployment.version)
.then(resolve)
.catch(reject);
} else {
reject(new Error('Failed to load polyfill: ' + name));
}
};
document.head.appendChild(script);
});
},
// Track deployment metrics
trackDeploymentMetrics: function() {
var metrics = {
version: this.version,
isCanary: this.isCanaryUser(),
browser: navigator.userAgent,
timestamp: Date.now()
};
// Send to monitoring service
this.trackEvent('deployment_metrics', metrics);
},
// Track event
trackEvent: function(eventName, data) {
if (typeof gtag !== 'undefined') {
gtag('event', eventName, data);
}
}
};
// CI/CD deployment script (Node.js)
// deploy-polyfills.js
const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');
class PolyfillDeployer {
constructor(config) {
this.config = config;
this.version = require('./package.json').version;
}
async deploy() {
console.log('Deploying polyfills version:', this.version);
// 1. Build polyfills
await this.buildPolyfills();
// 2. Run tests
await this.runTests();
// 3. Create versioned files
await this.createVersionedFiles();
// 4. Deploy to CDN
await this.deployToCDN();
// 5. Enable canary release
await this.enableCanary();
console.log('Deployment complete!');
}
async buildPolyfills() {
console.log('Building polyfills...');
// Run webpack/rollup build
}
async runTests() {
console.log('Running tests...');
// Run test suite
}
async createVersionedFiles() {
console.log('Creating versioned files...');
const files = ['promise.js', 'fetch.js', 'polyfills.js'];
files.forEach(file => {
const source = path.join('dist', file);
const dest = path.join('dist', file.replace('.js', `.${this.version}.js`));
fs.copyFileSync(source, dest);
console.log('Created:', dest);
});
}
async deployToCDN() {
console.log('Deploying to CDN...');
// Upload to S3/CloudFront/etc
}
async enableCanary() {
console.log('Enabling canary release (10%)...');
// Update feature flag or config
}
}
// Usage
// node deploy-polyfills.js
const deployer = new PolyfillDeployer({
cdn: 'https://cdn.example.com',
canaryPercentage: 10
});
deployer.deploy();
Warning: Always use canary releases for polyfill updates. A
broken polyfill can affect 100% of users on older browsers.
6. A/B Testing with Differential Polyfill Loading
| Test Variant | Configuration | Metrics | Success Criteria |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control (Full) | All polyfills loaded | Compatibility, errors | <0.1% error rate |
| Variant A (Minimal) | Only critical polyfills | Performance, FCP | 100ms faster FCP |
| Variant B (Lazy) | Lazy-loaded polyfills | Bundle size, TTI | 50% smaller initial bundle |
| Variant C (Differential) | Modern vs legacy bundles | All metrics | Best of all variants |
Example: A/B testing framework for polyfills
// ab-testing.js
var PolyfillABTest = {
// Test configuration
tests: {
'polyfill-loading-strategy': {
variants: ['control', 'minimal', 'lazy', 'differential'],
distribution: [25, 25, 25, 25], // Equal distribution
startDate: new Date('2025-01-01'),
endDate: new Date('2025-01-31')
}
},
// Initialize A/B test
init: function(testName) {
var test = this.tests[testName];
if (!test) {
console.error('Test not found:', testName);
return;
}
// Check if test is active
var now = new Date();
if (now < test.startDate || now > test.endDate) {
console.log('Test not active, using control');
return this.loadVariant(testName, 'control');
}
// Get or assign user to variant
var variant = this.getUserVariant(testName, test);
console.log('User assigned to variant:', variant);
// Load appropriate polyfills
return this.loadVariant(testName, variant);
},
// Get user's variant assignment
getUserVariant: function(testName, test) {
var storageKey = 'ab_test_' + testName;
var assigned = localStorage.getItem(storageKey);
if (assigned && test.variants.includes(assigned)) {
return assigned;
}
// Assign variant based on distribution
var random = Math.random() * 100;
var cumulative = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < test.variants.length; i++) {
cumulative += test.distribution[i];
if (random < cumulative) {
assigned = test.variants[i];
break;
}
}
localStorage.setItem(storageKey, assigned);
return assigned;
},
// Load polyfills for variant
loadVariant: function(testName, variant) {
var strategies = {
'control': this.loadControlPolyfills.bind(this),
'minimal': this.loadMinimalPolyfills.bind(this),
'lazy': this.loadLazyPolyfills.bind(this),
'differential': this.loadDifferentialPolyfills.bind(this)
};
var startTime = performance.now();
return strategies[variant]().then(function() {
var loadTime = performance.now() - startTime;
// Track variant metrics
this.trackVariantMetrics(testName, variant, {
loadTime: loadTime,
timestamp: Date.now()
});
return variant;
}.bind(this));
},
// Load all polyfills (control)
loadControlPolyfills: function() {
return Promise.all([
import('core-js/stable'),
import('regenerator-runtime/runtime'),
import('whatwg-fetch'),
import('intersection-observer')
]);
},
// Load minimal polyfills
loadMinimalPolyfills: function() {
var polyfills = [];
if (!window.Promise) {
polyfills.push(import('es6-promise/auto'));
}
if (!window.fetch) {
polyfills.push(import('whatwg-fetch'));
}
return Promise.all(polyfills);
},
// Load lazy polyfills
loadLazyPolyfills: function() {
// Load critical polyfills immediately
var critical = this.loadMinimalPolyfills();
// Lazy load others during idle time
if ('requestIdleCallback' in window) {
requestIdleCallback(function() {
if (!window.IntersectionObserver) {
import('intersection-observer');
}
});
}
return critical;
},
// Load differential polyfills
loadDifferentialPolyfills: function() {
var isModern = this.detectModernBrowser();
if (isModern) {
// Modern browsers: minimal polyfills
return this.loadMinimalPolyfills();
} else {
// Legacy browsers: full polyfills
return this.loadControlPolyfills();
}
},
// Detect modern browser
detectModernBrowser: function() {
return (
'Promise' in window &&
'fetch' in window &&
'assign' in Object &&
'from' in Array
);
},
// Track variant metrics
trackVariantMetrics: function(testName, variant, metrics) {
var data = {
test: testName,
variant: variant,
...metrics,
userAgent: navigator.userAgent,
viewport: window.innerWidth + 'x' + window.innerHeight
};
// Send to analytics
if (typeof gtag !== 'undefined') {
gtag('event', 'ab_test_variant', data);
}
// Track in Datadog
if (window.DD_RUM) {
window.DD_RUM.addAction('ab_test_variant', data);
}
// Track performance metrics
this.trackPerformanceMetrics(testName, variant);
},
// Track performance metrics for variant
trackPerformanceMetrics: function(testName, variant) {
// Wait for page load
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
setTimeout(function() {
var metrics = {
test: testName,
variant: variant,
fcp: this.getFCP(),
lcp: this.getLCP(),
tti: this.getTTI(),
bundleSize: this.getBundleSize()
};
console.log('A/B Test Metrics:', metrics);
// Send to analytics
if (typeof gtag !== 'undefined') {
gtag('event', 'ab_test_metrics', metrics);
}
}.bind(this), 1000);
}.bind(this));
},
getFCP: function() {
var fcp = performance.getEntriesByName('first-contentful-paint')[0];
return fcp ? fcp.startTime : null;
},
getLCP: function() {
// Simplified LCP measurement
var lcpEntries = performance.getEntriesByType('largest-contentful-paint');
return lcpEntries.length > 0 ? lcpEntries[lcpEntries.length - 1].startTime : null;
},
getTTI: function() {
// Simplified TTI measurement
return performance.timing.domInteractive - performance.timing.navigationStart;
},
getBundleSize: function() {
// Calculate total bundle size
var resources = performance.getEntriesByType('resource');
var totalSize = 0;
resources.forEach(function(resource) {
if (resource.name.includes('.js')) {
totalSize += resource.transferSize || 0;
}
});
return totalSize;
}
};
// Initialize A/B test
PolyfillABTest.init('polyfill-loading-strategy').then(function(variant) {
console.log('A/B test initialized with variant:', variant);
// Initialize app
initApp();
});
Key Takeaways - Enterprise & Production
- Bundle Size: Target <100 KB for modern, use differential serving for 50-70% savings
- Performance: Polyfills can delay FCP by 50-200ms, monitor and optimize
- Memory: Monitor for leaks, polyfills add 2-5 MB heap overhead
- Monitoring: Track load success, errors, and performance by browser
- Deployment: Use canary releases, versioned assets, instant rollback
- A/B Testing: Test loading strategies, measure FCP, TTI, bundle size impact